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1994-02-03
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The Danix Utilities, Version 2.01
Program and Documentation Copyright 1990, 1994 by
Daniel R. Schikore
2/04/94
UNIX is a registered trademark of AT&T Corporation
Turbo-C and Borland-C are registered trademarks of Borland International
INTRODUCTION
------------
The Danix Utilities are a collection of UNIX-like utilities for DOS. Included
in this release are 25 utilities. The full documentation for each of the
utilities included can be found using the 'man' command. Read the section on
Installation to install the man pages. For information on how to use man,
type 'man man'. A brief description of each command is contained in this file.
DISCLAIMER
----------
The Danix utilities are provided without any warranty of any kind. The author
makes no claim about the suitability of these utilities for any purpose, and
will not be held responsible for any damages of any kind resulting from the
use of this software.
DISTRIBUTION
------------
You are encouraged to distribute this collection as long as all original files
are included unmodified, and fees are limited to reasonable media or connect
time fees. Basically, as long as you are providing a service by distributing
shareware, and not selling this package, the permission of the author is
granted. I do ask that shareware vendors or other distributors who include the
Danix utilities in a catalog or collection send a copy of the catalog or
description of the collection to the author at the address below.
SHAREWARE NOTICE
----------------
The Danix collection of utilities is a shareware package. It is provided
with full feature capability for you to examine and determine if it is of
use to you. You are free to use the utilities for your personal use for two
weeks. If you would like to continue using them after this time, you should
register. For the registration fee of US $25 (personal use, 1 computer) or
equivalent, you will receive the complete Turbo-C/Borland-C source for the
utilities. This source is for personal use only, and should not be
redistributed in original or modified form. As a registered user you will
be entitled to future source releases for a small upgrade fee to cover
shipping and handling. Site registrations for 2 or more computers are
available. See the file register.doc for more information.
Any comments/suggestions can be sent to:
Dan Schikore
drs@cs.purdue.edu (Internet)
1983 Greenheath (US Mail)
Florissant, MO 63033
INSTALLATION
------------
To install the Danix utilities, place the executable files in a directory
included in your path. The manual pages (ending in '.1') should be placed
in the directory 'c:/man/cat1'. To change this directory or allow manual
pages to be read from more than one directory, define an environment
variable 'MANPATH', which is a semicolon separated list of directories to
be searched, similar to the 'PATH' environment variable.
For example, the command
set MANPATH=c:/man;c:/dos
placed in the autoexec.bat file will cause 'man' to search in the
subdirectories of c:/man and c:/dos for manual pages.
USAGE
-----
The Danix utilties operate much like their UNIX counterparts. Filename
arguments to the utilities may include the wildcard characters '*' and '?',
where a '*' matches any sequence of characters and '?' matches any single
character. Characters after a '*' and before a '/' or '\' are ignored.
For example, the command:
ls /tc/src/*/*.c
will list all files ending in .c in any of the subdirectories of /tc/src.
OPTION AND PATH SPECIFIERS
--------------------------
Each of the Danix utilities checks an environment variable 'DANIX'
which may place the utilities in one of two modes. The command
set DANIX=DOS
will cause the Danix utilties to act like DOS utilities in recognizing
option specifiers. In this mode the '/' character specifies an option
and the '\' character specifies a path separator. The command
set DANIX=UNIX
causes the utilities to recognize the '-' character as an option specifier
and the '/' character as a path separator. The '-' character may also
be used for options in DOS mode, since it causes no conflicts.
COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS
--------------------
CAT
---
cat prints files to the standard output. It can be used as a filter
by including a minus sign '-' in the file list.
CHMOD
-----
chmod changes the access modes on files. The modes which it can change
are the archive bit, read-only attribute, hidden file attribute, and system
file attribute.
CMP
---
cmp compares two files for differences. The comparison is on a byte for
byte basis, and by default comparison stops when the first difference is
found.
CP
--
cp copies files and/or entire directories to the same or a different disk.
CUT
---
Used most often as a filter, cut will select parts of each line of input
to be printed to standard output. It can also take input from files or
both files and standard input by including a '-' in the file list.
CWD
---
cwd prints the current working directory on the current drive or the drive
supplied as a parameter.
DAYTIME
-------
daytime simple prints the approximate time of day in non-military time.
DTREE
-----
dtree prints a directory tree beginning with a specified path and drive,
or the current directory by default.
DU
--
du gives the disk usage for a directory tree by recursing through its
subdirectories. Output can be given in bytes, kilobytes, or disk blocks.
HEAD
----
head prints out the first 10 lines of a text file or standard input, or
both, if '-' is in the file list. The number of lines printed can be
changed with a parameter.
FGREP
-----
fgrep searches text files for one or more strings. It can perform case-
sensitive or case-insensitive searches, and will output either all matching
lines or all lines which do not match.
LS
--
list the contents of a directory. By default, it prints the current
directory contents, excluding hidden files. Many options allow for
many different forms of listings.
MAN
---
man is a manual reader to display documentation files. manual "pages" can
be added by creating a file with any word processor, and placing the file in
a subdirectory of c:\man\cat or any directory specified in MANPATH. For
more information, install the manual pages for Danix as specified earlier,
and type 'man man'.
MV
--
mv will move files and/or directories. They may be moved within the same
directory (simple renaming), to another directory on the same disk, or to
another disk.
PASTE
-----
paste joins files horizontally. It prints the first line of the first
file argument, followed by a tab, and the first line of the second file
argument, etc. until the file list has been exhausted. Standard input
can be used as one of the files by including a '-' in the file list.
PRINTENV
--------
print the environment, or if given a variable, print only that environment
variable.
PTIME
-----
ptime gives the execution time of a command. It passes all arguments to
the command interpreter, and then displays a message telling how long the
program took to execute. Times may vary from computer to computer and
are only approximate because the command interpreter must search for the
file, if necessary.
RM
--
rm removes files and/or directories. It can forcefully remove files without
question and without regard for read-only status, or it can query the user
to delete each file.
TAIL
----
prints out the last ten lines of its file arguments, and standard input,
if '-' is in the file list. Number of lines printed is controllable.
TEE
---
tee copies the standard input to one or more files while also passing it
through to standard output. This can be used to save intermediate output
in a chained command.
TOUCH
-----
updates the time stamp on a file, or creates the file if it does no